Despite historical success and international admiration, Danish cities are facing serious economic imbalances as well as long-term and structural challenges that hamper their ability to maintain a sustainable development, part of the global crisis of inequality that has impacted cities worldwide. This book attempts a critical examination of the 20th-century transformation of Danish cities from industry and traditional trades to welfare cities with the promise of liveability for all. It aims to inspire a broader understanding of the underlying operative concepts through essays by leading urbanists, interviews, and selected projects that put the discussion into perspective.